K 线图

K 线图 是由 CandleStickSeriesView 对象来表示的，此对象属于财务系列视图 (也称为 开盘-盘高-盘低-收盘 系列)。

这种视图被用于显示股价在一天中的变化。每个数据点都由一个矩形 (实体部分，底部和上部的取值对应于 开盘价 和 收盘价) 组成，以及一条垂直线 (影线、蜡烛芯 或尾线，底部和上部的取值对应于 最低价 和 最高价)。如果收盘价高于开盘价，那么实体部分是空白的。如果收盘价低于开盘价，那么实体部分是填充的。

对于 K 线图，可以选择某种价格水平 (最低价、最高价、开盘价或收盘价) 来启用 FinancialSeriesViewBase.ReductionOptions，意思是如果指定的价格低于前一点的取值，那么后续点就被绘制为红色 (或任何其他颜色)。

在下面的插图中显示了一个 K 线图。注意，这种图表类型基于 XYDiagram，因此可以被旋转，从而垂直地或水平地显示图表。

要学习如何从轴刻度中去除周末和节假日，请参阅日期时间数据呈现。

要获得更多信息，请参阅财务图表。

下表列出了这种图表类型的主要特征。

特征	取值
系列视图类型	CandleStickSeriesView
图象类型	2D- XYDiagram
每个数据点的参数个数	1
每个数据点的取值个数	4 (最低价、最高价、开盘价、收盘价)

注意
要获得关于哪些图表类型可以与 K 线图组合使用的信息，请参阅组合使用不同的系列视图文档。

Show Me
在 DevExpress Code Central 数据库中可以找到完整的示例项目，网址是 http://www.devexpress.com/example=E1217。取决于目标平台类型 (ASP.NET、WinForms 等)，可以在线运行本示例，或者下载自动可执行的示例。

下面的示例演示了在运行时刻如何创建 ChartControl (拥有一个 CandleStickSeriesView 类型的系列)，并把图表添加到窗体中。在继续本示例之前，首先要在 Visual Studio 中创建一个 Windows 窗体应用程序，并把所有必需的程序集包含到项目的“引用”列表中。

然后，把下列代码添加到 Form.Load 事件处理程序。

注意，可以通过 AxisBase.WorkdaysOnly 和 AxisBase.WorkdaysOptions 属性，从轴范围中去除非工作日 (周末和节假日)。要学习在 XtraCharts 中有哪些可用的财务分析工具，请参阅指标线。

C#	复制代码
(Form1.cs) using System; using System.Windows.Forms; using DevExpress.XtraCharts; // ... private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { // Create a new chart. ChartControl candlestickChart = new ChartControl(); // Create a candlestick series. Series series1 = new Series("Stock Prices", ViewType.CandleStick); // Specify the date-time argument scale type for the series, // as it is qualitative, by default. series1.ArgumentScaleType = ScaleType.DateTime; // Add points to it. series1.Points.Add(new SeriesPoint(new DateTime(1994, 3, 1), new object[] { 24.00, 25.00, 25.00, 24.875 })); series1.Points.Add(new SeriesPoint(new DateTime(1994, 3, 2), new object[] { 23.625, 25.125, 24.00, 24.875 })); series1.Points.Add(new SeriesPoint(new DateTime(1994, 3, 3), new object[] { 26.25, 28.25, 26.75, 27.00 })); series1.Points.Add(new SeriesPoint(new DateTime(1994, 3, 4), new object[] { 26.50, 27.875, 26.875, 27.25 })); series1.Points.Add(new SeriesPoint(new DateTime(1994, 3, 7), new object[] { 26.375, 27.50, 27.375, 26.75 })); series1.Points.Add(new SeriesPoint(new DateTime(1994, 3, 8), new object[] { 25.75, 26.875, 26.75, 26.00 })); series1.Points.Add(new SeriesPoint(new DateTime(1994, 3, 9), new object[] { 25.75, 26.75, 26.125, 26.25 })); series1.Points.Add(new SeriesPoint(new DateTime(1994, 3, 10), new object[] { 25.75, 26.375, 26.375, 25.875 })); series1.Points.Add(new SeriesPoint(new DateTime(1994, 3, 11), new object[] { 24.875, 26.125, 26.00, 25.375 })); series1.Points.Add(new SeriesPoint(new DateTime(1994, 3, 14), new object[] { 25.125, 26.00, 25.625, 25.75 })); // Add the series to the chart. candlestickChart.Series.Add(series1); // Access the view-type-specific options of the series. CandleStickSeriesView myView = (CandleStickSeriesView)series1.View; myView.LineThickness = 2; myView.LevelLineLength = 0.25; // Specify the series reduction options. myView.ReductionOptions.Level = StockLevel.Open; myView.ReductionOptions.Visible = true; // Access the chart's diagram. XYDiagram diagram = ((XYDiagram)candlestickChart.Diagram); // Access the type-specific options of the diagram. diagram.AxisY.Range.MinValue = 22; // Exclude weekends from the X-axis range, // to avoid gaps in the chart's data. diagram.AxisX.WorkdaysOnly = true; // Hide the legend and series labels (if necessary). candlestickChart.Legend.Visible = false; series1.Label.Visible = false; // Add a title to the chart (if necessary). candlestickChart.Titles.Add(new ChartTitle()); candlestickChart.Titles[0].Text = "A Candlestick Chart"; // Add the chart to the form. candlestickChart.Dock = DockStyle.Fill; this.Controls.Add(candlestickChart); }

C#

复制代码

 (Form1.cs)
using System;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using DevExpress.XtraCharts;
// ...

private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) {
    // Create a new chart.
    ChartControl candlestickChart = new ChartControl();

    // Create a candlestick series.
    Series series1 = new Series("Stock Prices", ViewType.CandleStick);

    // Specify the date-time argument scale type for the series,
    // as it is qualitative, by default.
    series1.ArgumentScaleType = ScaleType.DateTime;

    // Add points to it.
    series1.Points.Add(new SeriesPoint(new DateTime(1994, 3, 1),
        new object[] { 24.00, 25.00, 25.00, 24.875 }));
    series1.Points.Add(new SeriesPoint(new DateTime(1994, 3, 2),
        new object[] { 23.625, 25.125, 24.00, 24.875 }));
    series1.Points.Add(new SeriesPoint(new DateTime(1994, 3, 3),
        new object[] { 26.25, 28.25, 26.75, 27.00 }));
    series1.Points.Add(new SeriesPoint(new DateTime(1994, 3, 4),
        new object[] { 26.50, 27.875, 26.875, 27.25 }));
    series1.Points.Add(new SeriesPoint(new DateTime(1994, 3, 7),
        new object[] { 26.375, 27.50, 27.375, 26.75 }));
    series1.Points.Add(new SeriesPoint(new DateTime(1994, 3, 8),
        new object[] { 25.75, 26.875, 26.75, 26.00 }));
    series1.Points.Add(new SeriesPoint(new DateTime(1994, 3, 9),
        new object[] { 25.75, 26.75, 26.125, 26.25 }));
    series1.Points.Add(new SeriesPoint(new DateTime(1994, 3, 10),
        new object[] { 25.75, 26.375, 26.375, 25.875 }));
    series1.Points.Add(new SeriesPoint(new DateTime(1994, 3, 11),
        new object[] { 24.875, 26.125, 26.00, 25.375 }));
    series1.Points.Add(new SeriesPoint(new DateTime(1994, 3, 14),
        new object[] { 25.125, 26.00, 25.625, 25.75 }));

    // Add the series to the chart.
    candlestickChart.Series.Add(series1);

    // Access the view-type-specific options of the series.
    CandleStickSeriesView myView = (CandleStickSeriesView)series1.View;

    myView.LineThickness = 2;
    myView.LevelLineLength = 0.25;

    // Specify the series reduction options.
    myView.ReductionOptions.Level = StockLevel.Open;
    myView.ReductionOptions.Visible = true;

    // Access the chart's diagram.
    XYDiagram diagram = ((XYDiagram)candlestickChart.Diagram);

    // Access the type-specific options of the diagram.
    diagram.AxisY.Range.MinValue = 22;

    // Exclude weekends from the X-axis range,
    // to avoid gaps in the chart's data.
    diagram.AxisX.WorkdaysOnly = true;

    // Hide the legend and series labels (if necessary).
    candlestickChart.Legend.Visible = false;
    series1.Label.Visible = false;

    // Add a title to the chart (if necessary).
    candlestickChart.Titles.Add(new ChartTitle());
    candlestickChart.Titles[0].Text = "A Candlestick Chart";

    // Add the chart to the form.
    candlestickChart.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;
    this.Controls.Add(candlestickChart);
}

Visual Basic	复制代码
(Form1.vb) Imports System Imports System.Windows.Forms Imports DevExpress.XtraCharts ' ... Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As Object, _ ByVal e As EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load ' Create a new chart. Dim candlestickChart As New ChartControl() ' Create a candlestick series. Dim series1 As New Series("Stock Prices", ViewType.CandleStick) ' Specify the date-time argument scale type for the series, ' as it is qualitative, by default. series1.ArgumentScaleType = ScaleType.DateTime ' Add points to it. series1.Points.Add(New SeriesPoint(New DateTime(1994, 3, 1), _ New Object() { 24.00, 25.00, 25.00, 24.875 })) series1.Points.Add(New SeriesPoint(New DateTime(1994, 3, 2), _ New Object() { 23.625, 25.125, 24.00, 24.875 })) series1.Points.Add(New SeriesPoint(New DateTime(1994, 3, 3), _ New Object() { 26.25, 28.25, 26.75, 27.00 })) series1.Points.Add(New SeriesPoint(New DateTime(1994, 3, 4), _ New Object() { 26.50, 27.875, 26.875, 27.25 })) series1.Points.Add(New SeriesPoint(New DateTime(1994, 3, 7), _ New Object() { 26.375, 27.50, 27.375, 26.75 })) series1.Points.Add(New SeriesPoint(New DateTime(1994, 3, 8), _ New Object() { 25.75, 26.875, 26.75, 26.00 })) series1.Points.Add(New SeriesPoint(New DateTime(1994, 3, 9), _ New Object() { 25.75, 26.75, 26.125, 26.25 })) series1.Points.Add(New SeriesPoint(New DateTime(1994, 3, 10), _ New Object() { 25.75, 26.375, 26.375, 25.875 })) series1.Points.Add(New SeriesPoint(New DateTime(1994, 3, 11), _ New Object() { 24.875, 26.125, 26.00, 25.375 })) series1.Points.Add(New SeriesPoint(New DateTime(1994, 3, 14), _ New Object() { 25.125, 26.00, 25.625, 25.75 })) ' Add the series to the chart. candlestickChart.Series.Add(series1) ' Access the view-type-specific options of the series. Dim myView As CandleStickSeriesView = CType(series1.View, CandleStickSeriesView) myView.LineThickness = 2 myView.LevelLineLength = 0.25 ' Specify the series reduction options. myView.ReductionOptions.Level = StockLevel.Open myView.ReductionOptions.Visible = True ' Access the chart's diagram. Dim diagram As XYDiagram = (CType(candlestickChart.Diagram, XYDiagram)) ' Access the type-specific options of the diagram. diagram.AxisY.Range.MinValue = 22 ' Exclude weekends from the X-axis range, ' to avoid gaps in the chart's data. diagram.AxisX.WorkdaysOnly = True ' Hide the legend and series labels (if necessary). candlestickChart.Legend.Visible = False series1.Label.Visible = False ' Add a title to the chart (if necessary). candlestickChart.Titles.Add(New ChartTitle()) candlestickChart.Titles(0).Text = "A Candlestick Chart" ' Add the chart to the form. candlestickChart.Dock = DockStyle.Fill Me.Controls.Add(candlestickChart) End Sub

Visual Basic

复制代码

 (Form1.vb)
Imports System
Imports System.Windows.Forms
Imports DevExpress.XtraCharts
' ...

Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As Object, _ 
ByVal e As EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
    ' Create a new chart.
    Dim candlestickChart As New ChartControl()

    ' Create a candlestick series.
    Dim series1 As New Series("Stock Prices", ViewType.CandleStick)

    ' Specify the date-time argument scale type for the series,
    ' as it is qualitative, by default.
    series1.ArgumentScaleType = ScaleType.DateTime

    ' Add points to it.
    series1.Points.Add(New SeriesPoint(New DateTime(1994, 3, 1), _ 
        New Object() { 24.00, 25.00, 25.00, 24.875 }))
    series1.Points.Add(New SeriesPoint(New DateTime(1994, 3, 2), _ 
        New Object() { 23.625, 25.125, 24.00, 24.875 }))
    series1.Points.Add(New SeriesPoint(New DateTime(1994, 3, 3), _ 
        New Object() { 26.25, 28.25, 26.75, 27.00 }))
    series1.Points.Add(New SeriesPoint(New DateTime(1994, 3, 4), _ 
        New Object() { 26.50, 27.875, 26.875, 27.25 }))
    series1.Points.Add(New SeriesPoint(New DateTime(1994, 3, 7), _ 
        New Object() { 26.375, 27.50, 27.375, 26.75 }))
    series1.Points.Add(New SeriesPoint(New DateTime(1994, 3, 8), _ 
        New Object() { 25.75, 26.875, 26.75, 26.00 }))
    series1.Points.Add(New SeriesPoint(New DateTime(1994, 3, 9), _ 
        New Object() { 25.75, 26.75, 26.125, 26.25 }))
    series1.Points.Add(New SeriesPoint(New DateTime(1994, 3, 10), _ 
        New Object() { 25.75, 26.375, 26.375, 25.875 }))
    series1.Points.Add(New SeriesPoint(New DateTime(1994, 3, 11), _ 
        New Object() { 24.875, 26.125, 26.00, 25.375 }))
    series1.Points.Add(New SeriesPoint(New DateTime(1994, 3, 14), _ 
        New Object() { 25.125, 26.00, 25.625, 25.75 }))

    ' Add the series to the chart.
    candlestickChart.Series.Add(series1)

    ' Access the view-type-specific options of the series.
    Dim myView As CandleStickSeriesView = CType(series1.View, CandleStickSeriesView)

    myView.LineThickness = 2
    myView.LevelLineLength = 0.25

    ' Specify the series reduction options.
    myView.ReductionOptions.Level = StockLevel.Open
    myView.ReductionOptions.Visible = True

    ' Access the chart's diagram.
    Dim diagram As XYDiagram = (CType(candlestickChart.Diagram, XYDiagram))

    ' Access the type-specific options of the diagram.
    diagram.AxisY.Range.MinValue = 22

    ' Exclude weekends from the X-axis range,
    ' to avoid gaps in the chart's data.
    diagram.AxisX.WorkdaysOnly = True

    ' Hide the legend and series labels (if necessary).
    candlestickChart.Legend.Visible = False
    series1.Label.Visible = False

    ' Add a title to the chart (if necessary).
    candlestickChart.Titles.Add(New ChartTitle())
    candlestickChart.Titles(0).Text = "A Candlestick Chart"

    ' Add the chart to the form.
    candlestickChart.Dock = DockStyle.Fill
    Me.Controls.Add(candlestickChart)
End Sub

财务图表
XY-图象
日期时间数据呈现
指标线

简要说明

图表类型特征

示例

参阅